Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde Film
| Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde | |
|---|---|
 Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Victor Fleming |
| Written past | John Lee Mahin Percy Heath Samuel Hoffenstein |
| Based on | Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson |
| Produced by | Victor Saville |
| Starring |
|
| Cinematography | Joseph Ruttenberg |
| Edited past | Harold F. Kress |
| Music by | Franz Waxman |
| Product | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer |
| Distributed by | Loew's, Inc. |
| Release date |
|
| Running time | 127 minutes |
| Land | U.s.a. |
| Language | English |
| Upkeep | $one.i million[1] |
| Box role | $ii.three meg[1] |
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a 1941 American horror picture show starring Spencer Tracy, Ingrid Bergman, and Lana Turner. The production as well features Donald Crisp, Ian Hunter, Barton MacLane, C. Aubrey Smith, and Sara Allgood. Its storyline is based on the 1886 Gothic novella Strange Instance of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde written by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. There have been many filmed adaptations of the novella. This moving-picture show was a remake of the Oscar-winning 1931 version starring Fredric March.
Released in August 1941, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a commercial success, and was nominated for three Academy Awards.
Plot [edit]
In 1887 London, Dr. Henry Jekyll is performing inquiry experiments on the possibility of separating the good and evil aspects of human nature. Jekyll is in love with Beatrix Emery, only her father, Sir Charles, is skeptical of Jekyll'southward radical ideas. Jekyll develops a serum that he attempts to use on Sam Higgins, a patient who went insane afterwards suffering a gas works explosion, only the programme fails when Jekyll learns Sam has died. Instead, Jekyll impulsively takes the serum himself, and is transformed in mindset and countenance into a malevolent modify ego. Jekyll takes an antidote to reverse the serum'south effects, just not before experience an auditory hallucination in which a voice speaks: "Mr. Hyde."
Beatrix departs England on a trip with her father, leaving Jekyll alone. When Beatrix's vacation is extended, Jekyll continues to experiment with the serum, ingesting another dose. In his alter ego of Mr. Hyde, he ventures into a music hall where he sees attractive barmaid Ivy Peterson, whom he saved from an attacker in the streets some weeks before. Ivy does not recognize him, and becomes frightened when budgeted his tabular array. A brawl ensues among the patrons, after which Hyde convinces the hall owner to fire Ivy. Hyde takes a reluctant Ivy home with him, and rapes her in the carriage.
While Beatrix grows concerned after receiving no correspondence, Hyde provides Ivy housing in a apartment, though she lives in fear of his unpredictable beliefs. Ivy'due south friend Marcia suspects Ivy is being abused when she sees bruises on her. Upon learning that Beatrix has returned to England, Jekyll vows non to take the serum once again. He sends Ivy an anonymous gift of money before destroying the cardinal to the street entrance of his laboratory, the entrance that he had been using while nether the influence of Hyde. Afterward, Ivy visits Jekyll as a patient, and recognizes him as the man who helped her in the street. When she shows him her injuries and he realizes what Hyde has done to her, Jekyll is ashamed.
Subsequently that dark, as Jekyll ventures to meet Beatrix, who has returned to England, he unexpectedly transforms into Hyde without having ingested the serum. Hyde instead ventures to Ivy'south apartment and finds her drunk and jubilant her freedom from him. When Hyde repeats phrases that Jekyll spoke to her, she grows terrified and begins screaming, resulting in Hyde strangling her to expiry. Hyde flees to the laboratory, but cannot enter as Jekyll destroyed the fundamental; instead, Hyde visits Dr. John Lanyon, a friend of Jekyll. Lanyon provides him the medication that works as the antidote, and Hyde reverts back to Jekyll, much to Lanyon's horror.
Jekyll confesses to Lanyon everything that has transpired, and proceeds to visit Beatrix to stop their engagement. Beatrix is distraught by the incident, and is horrified when he returns transformed as Hyde. Beatrix screams before losing consciousness. Her father, roused past Beatrix'southward scream, enters the room, only to be bludgeoned to death by Hyde with Jekyll's pikestaff. Hyde flees back to the laboratory, and, unable to enter through the street door, pushes past Jekyll's butler, Poole. Meanwhile, equally police investigate Sir Charles'due south body, Lanyon arrives and observes that Jekyll's cane was the murder weapon. Realizing Jekyll committed the crime while in his alter ego country as Mr. Hyde, Lanyon convinces police to accompany him to Jekyll's dwelling.
Lanyon and the authorities arrive at Jekyll's habitation moments subsequently Hyde has ingested the antidote and turned back into Jekyll. Breaking downward the door to the laboratory, they confront him virtually Sir Charles's murder. The psychological stress of the situation triggers Jekyll into returning back into Mr. Hyde, and he becomes violent. While attempting to fight police force, Hyde is shot by law. Every bit he dies, his demeanor and eyebrow slowly morphs back into that of Jekyll.
Cast [edit]
- Spencer Tracy every bit Dr. Henry Jekyll / Mr. Edward Hyde
- Ingrid Bergman as Ivy Pearson
- Lana Turner as Beatrix Emery
- Donald Crisp as Sir Charles Emery
- Ian Hunter equally John Lanyon
- Barton MacLane as Sam Higgins
- C. Aubrey Smith as Bishop Manners
- Peter Godfrey as Poole, Jekyll'due south butler
- Sara Allgood equally Mrs. Higgins
- Frederic Worlock equally Dr. Heath
- William Tannen as Intern Fenwick
- Frances Robinson every bit Marcia
- Denis Greenish equally Freddie
- Billy Bevan as Mr. Weller
- Forrester Harvey every bit Old Prouty
- Lumsden Hare as Colonel Weymouth
- Lawrence Grant every bit Dr. Courtland
- John Barclay as Constable at Church
- Colin Kenny as Lawman
- Lydia Bilbrook Lady Copewell
- Alec Craig every bit Waiter
Analysis [edit]
Scholar Angela Smith writes that the film does not depict a significant physical divergence between Jekyll and Hyde, suggesting that, unlike in other iterations of the story, the pic places "greater emphasis on the psychological and neurological elements of physical disorders and testifies to the unreliability of the bodily outside as a sign of wellness or degeneracy."[two] She further cites that the hallucinatory sequences in the picture show featuring both Ivy and Beatrix (which occur when Jekyll ingests the serum) "conflate epileptic and sexual release, pointing to repressed sexual desires as the source of individual angst."[3] Smith summarizes that the film's treatment of the source cloth "suggests the complex network of physiology, neurology, psychology, sexuality, and environment that is shaped in the relationship between impairment and medicine."[two]
Production [edit]
Development [edit]
Rather than being a new film version of Robert Louis Stevenson's novella, this Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a straight remake of the 1931 film of the same championship. Both Hollywood productions differ greatly from the original literary work due to their heavy reliance on Thomas Russell Sullivan'south 1887 phase adaptation of the story. The director for the 1941 film was Victor Fleming, who had directed Gone with the Wind and codirected The Wizard of Oz, 2 major releases by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1939. MGM, where Fleming was under contract, acquired full rights to the 1931 film from Paramount Pictures prior to Fleming's production. According to the Robert Louis Stevenson website being archived and preserved by the British Library, subsequent to that acquisition MGM studio executives "hid the [1931] moving picture away to avoid contest with their remake".[4] The 1931 version then, due to ongoing legal restrictions and the lack of readily available copies, was finer "lost" for over a quarter of a century, non generally available again for re-screenings and report until 1967.[4]
MGM'south 1941 remake was produced by Victor Saville and adapted by John Lee Mahin from the screenplay of the earlier film by Percy Heath and Samuel Hoffenstein. The score was composed past Franz Waxman with uncredited contributions by Daniele Amfitheatrof and Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco. The cinematographer was Joseph Ruttenberg, the art manager was Cedric Gibbons, and the costume designers were Adrian and Gile Steele. Jack Dawn created the brand-upwards for the dissolute Mr. Hyde'south advent.
The PCA was very specific in characterizing Ivy as a barmaid rather than a prostitute, every bit she is characterized in the source material.[5]
Casting [edit]
Despite having not nevertheless met his after co-star Katharine Hepburn (they met working on Adult female of the Twelvemonth in 1942), Tracy originally wanted her to play both Bergman's and Turner's roles equally the "bad" and "expert" woman, who would then turn out to be the same person.[6]
Initial casting had Bergman playing the virtuous fiancée of Jekyll and Turner as Ivy. Notwithstanding, Bergman, tired of playing saintly characters and fearing typecasting, pleaded with Victor Fleming that she and Turner switch roles. Later on a screen test, Fleming allowed Bergman to play a grittier function for the first time.[6] [7]
Release [edit]
Box office [edit]
Co-ordinate to MGM records the pic earned $2,351,000 resulting in a turn a profit of $350,000.[1]
Disquisitional reception [edit]
After its preview of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in belatedly July 1941, the merchandise paper Multifariousness cited some weaknesses in the evolution of characters and situations in the moving picture's plot; but, overall, the pop New York publication gave the production a very positive assessment. Multifariousness predicted the film would exist "one of the big ones for autumn release" and focused special attention on Bergman'southward operation and screen presence.[8] It compared too Hyde's concrete advent with his portrayals in the 1925 and 1931 interpretations of Stevenson's novella:
...Tracy plays the dual roles with conviction. His transformations from the young dr....to the demonic Mr. Hyde are brought nearly with considerably less alterations in face and stature than audiences might expect, remembering John Barrymore and Frederic March in earlier versions. What is likely to happen when the new "Jekyll" moves into full general distribution after Sept. one, is more generous recognition of Ingrid Bergman as a screen actress of exceptional ability....In every scene in which the two appear, she is Tracy'south equal as a strong screen personality.[8]
The Motion picture Daily praised the pic in its review, heaping most of its accolades on Victor Fleming and his direction.[nine] The trade newspaper, which was widely read by theater owners or "exhibitors", complimented Fleming's pacing and staging of the story and described his "handling of the players" every bit "flawless".[9]
Outside the realm of film-industry trade papers, the full general public in 1941 had more mixed reviews almost Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. One case of those reactions tin can be plant in the contemporary fan magazine Hollywood, which was distributed nationally each calendar month past Fawcett Publications in Louisville, Kentucky.[10] Hollywood recommended that its readership "should come across the picture", citing once once more Bergman'south excellent, "jiff-taking" portrayal of Ivy.[11] The monthly did, though, find the moving picture'south plot passé and Tracy's Hyde far besides understated in appearance to be effective:
In the ten years that have elapsed since Frederic March won his Academy Award for his work in the title roles, movie-goers have become also sophisticated for the sort of medical hocus-pocus on which the Stevenson story is based. As well many Frankensteins and bogey-men have stalked across the screen in the acting for Mr. Hyde to be a convincing monster. While Spencer Tracy does a one thousand task in his dual office, his Mr. Hyde is inclined to be more than humorous than terrifying.[11]
Another fan-based publication, Modern Screen, was less subtle in its November 1941 review of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, calling the picture "quite the oddest motion-picture show of the year".[12] The magazine, in role, considered the remake "funniest when plain it is trying to be virtually serious and never so routine equally when it is trying hardest to exist unlike."[12]
With regard to more contempo critical responses to this version of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, American motion-picture show reviewer and historian Leonard Maltin in 2014 gave the production 3 out of a possible iv stars, praising in item Tracy and Bergman's performances.[13] The online moving-picture show-review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported, equally of 2022, an approval rating of 58% amid professional person critics, a score based on 24 reviews, with a rating boilerplate of 6.6/10.[14] Full general audience reactions to Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde were slightly college on Rotten Tomatoes in approvals, scoring at 60% and registering a rating average of 3.5/5 based on over two,500 responses.[14]
Awards and honors [edit]
- In 2005, the picture was nominated by the American Flick Plant to "AFI'due south 100 Years of Picture show Scores".[sixteen]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Eye for Flick Study .
- ^ a b Smith 2012, p. 153.
- ^ Smith 2012, pp. 152–153.
- ^ a b "Film Versions of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: 1931 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (Mamoulian)". The Robert Louis Stevenson Archive (RLS Website). Edinburgh Napier University. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016.
- ^ "CONTENTdm". digitalcollections.oscars.org . Retrieved 2021-ten-21 .
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941)". Turner Archetype Movies. Retrieved Oct 29, 2018.
- ^ Vieira 2003, p. 105.
- ^ a b ""Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" review". Variety. July 23, 1941. p. 8.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", review The Film Daily (New York, Northward.Y.), July 22, 1941, p.7, col. 2. Net Archive. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
- ^ The magazine Hollywood (originally and briefly titled Holly Leaves) dates its history to 1912, ranking it among the earliest fan-based publications in the world. It was sold to Fawcett Publications in Baronial 1930. Profiled from "moviemags.com", a guide and database to film publications covering the history of cinema. Retrieved October 27, 2018.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde...Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer", review, Hollywood, October 1941, p. 67, cols. one-2. Internet Archive. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde—AB2*", Mod Screen (New York, N.Y.), November 1941, p. xiv, cols. 1-ii. Internet Archive. Retrieved Oct 30, 2018.
- ^ Maltin & Sader 2013, p. 390. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMaltinSader2013 (help)
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941) - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.com. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2 Oct 2018.
- ^ Flower 2014, p. 74.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Moving-picture show Scores Nominees" (PDF) . Retrieved 2016-08-06 .
Sources [edit]
- Flower, Abigail (2014). The Literary Monster on Motion-picture show: Five Nineteenth Century British Novels and Their Cinematic Adaptations. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN978-0-786-45759-five.
- Maltin, Leonard; Sader, Luke; Carson, Darwyn (2013). Leonard Maltin's 2014 Movie Guide. New York: Penguin. ISBN978-0-451-41810-4.
- Smith, Angela (2012). Hideous Progeny: Disability, Eugenics, and Classic Horror Cinema. New York: Columbia Academy Press. ISBN978-0-231-52785-ix.
- Vieira, Mark A. (2003). Hollywood Horror: From Gothic to Cosmic . New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN0-8109-4535-5.
External links [edit]
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at IMDb
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at AllMovie
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at the TCM Movie Database
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at the American Film Institute Catalog
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at Rotten Tomatoes
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1941_film)
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